Kids with Celiac Disease Show Distinctive Microbial Signature

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By Jefferson Adams

June 25, 2010
By Jefferson Adams • June 25, 2010

Kids with Celiac Disease Show Distinctive Microbial Signature

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Celiac.com 06/25/2010 - Recent scientific evidence suggests that gut microbiota may play a significant role in celiac disease. To further examine the role of gut microbiota in celiac disease, an Italian research team conducted a study of children with celiac disease.

The research team included Serena Schippa, Valerio Iebba, Maria Barbato, Giovanni di Nardo,Valentina Totino, Monica Proietti Checchi, Catia Longhi, Giulia Maiella, Salvatore Cucchiara, Maria Pia Conte.

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To gain a better understanding of any role played by dominant duodenal microbiota, the team analyzed the mucosa-associated microbiota of 20 children with celiac disease, both before and after treatment with a gluten-free diet. The compared the results with a group of 10 control subjects.

The team extracted total DNA from duodenal biopsies and amplification products of 16S ribosomal DNA. They then compared the results using temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE). They assessed TTGE profiles by statistical multivariate analysis.

They found that, on average, patients with active celiac disease showed a significantly higher number of bands in TTGE profiles (P<0.0001) (n.b. 16.7 +/- 0.7), compared to patients with treated, or inactive disease (n.b. 13.2 +/- 0.8) compared to control subjects (n.b. 3.7 +/- 1.3).

Average inter-individual similarity indices were 54.9% +/- 14.9% for active disease patients, 55.6% +/- 15.7% for treated (inactive) celiac disease, and 21.8% +/- 30.16% for controls. Similarity index between celiac children before and after treatment with gluten-free diet was 63.9% +/- 15.8%.

Variation in microbiota biodiversity between active and remission state was P=0.000224. Between active celiac disease and control subjects, variation was P<0.001.

Patients with celiac disease showed higher populations of Bacteroides vulgatus and Escherichia coli, compared to control subjects (P<0.0001).

Overall, the results demonstrate a peculiar microbial TTGE array, coupled with substantially greater biodiversity of duodenal mucosa in children with celiac disease.

Further study is needed to assess any possible pathophysiological role for these microbial differences.

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Guest Clarkie

Posted June 28, 2010

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I'm having trouble deciding what this study implies. Can't tell whether it suggests that following a gluten-free diet returns the stomach to normal or not.

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Guest Diane minnard

Posted June 28, 2010

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I think it's great I have had celiac since 1991. I hope we can get over this. Very hard to eat the food that we can normally.

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About Me

Jefferson Adams is Celiac.com's senior writer and Digital Content Director. He earned his B.A. and M.F.A. at Arizona State University. His articles, essays, poems, stories and book reviews have appeared in numerous magazines, journals, and websites, including North American Project, Antioch Review, Caliban, Mississippi Review, Slate, and more. He is the author of more than 2,500 articles on celiac disease. His university coursework includes studies in science, scientific methodology, biology, anatomy, physiology, medicine, logic, and advanced research. He previously devised health and medical content for Colgate, Dove, Pfizer, Sharecare, Walgreens, and more. Jefferson has spoken about celiac disease to the media, including an appearance on the KQED radio show Forum, and is the editor of numerous books, including "Cereal Killers" by Scott Adams and Ron Hoggan, Ed.D.

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