Thiamine Thiamine Thiamine

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2019.00048/full

Celiac.com Sponsor (A13):
Previously, we examined B cell immunometabolism in the intestine. In the intestine, naïve immunoglobulin (Ig) M+ B cells differentiate into IgA+ B cells in Peyer's patches (PPs) by class switching, and then IgA+ B cells differentiate into IgA-producing plasma cells in the intestinal lamina propria (20). Naïve B cells in PPs preferentially use a vitamin B1-dependent TCA cycle for the generation of ATP. However, once the B cells differentiate into IgA-producing plasma cells, they switch to using glycolysis for the generation of ATP and shift to a catabolic pathway for the production of IgA antibody (Figure 1). Consistent with the importance of vitamin B1 in the maintenance of the TCA cycle, mice fed a vitamin B1-deficient diet show impaired maintenance of naïve B cells in PPs, with little effect on IgA-producing plasma cells. Since PPs are the primary sites of induction of antigen-specific IgA responses, PP regression induced by vitamin B1 deficiency leads to decreased IgA antibody responses to oral vaccines (21).