Assessing Nutritional Knowledge of Health Students Regarding Celiac Disease

Celiac.com 07/19/2024 - Celiac disease is a systemic, immune-mediated condition affecting the small intestine, triggered by gluten proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye. Globally, the prevalence of celiac disease is around 1.4%, but it is notably higher in Saudi Arabia at 2.7%. A strict lifelong gluten-free diet is the primary treatment for celiac disease, but adherence to this diet can lead to nutritional deficiencies, obesity, cardiovascular risks, and lower bone density. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of health students in the Jazan region about these nutritional deficiencies and the socio-demographic factors influencing their awareness.

Methods

The study was conducted among health college students at Jazan University, including those from the Colleges of Medicine, Pharmacy, Nursing, Dentistry, Public Health and Health Informatics, and Allied Health Sciences. Students aged 18 and above were included, except for interns and those who did not complete the survey or refused participation. A minimum sample size of 368 was calculated, and data was collected via a self-administered electronic questionnaire. The survey was divided into two sections: socio-demographic data and knowledge about nutritional deficiencies in celiac disease. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results

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The study included 369 participants, mostly aged 17-22, with a majority being female and single. Students from the College of Medicine and Applied Medical Sciences were most represented. Approximately 59.1% of participants were aware of nutritional deficiencies in celiac disease patients on a gluten-free diet. There were no significant associations between socio-demographic factors and knowledge levels. Students from the College of Pharmacy had lower knowledge compared to those from the College of Medicine. Most students recognized the need for multivitamin and vitamin D supplements for celiac patients and were aware of deficiencies in vitamin D, B12, folic acid, iron, and calcium.

Discussion

The study revealed that 59.1% of health students had an acceptable level of knowledge about nutritional deficiencies in celiac disease patients. This is a relatively low level of awareness considering these students are future healthcare providers. Comparable studies in Saudi Arabia and other countries have shown varying levels of knowledge among healthcare professionals and students. It is crucial for medical students to be well-educated about celiac disease to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment, thereby improving patient outcomes and reducing disease burden.

Conclusions

The study highlights the need for increased educational efforts to raise awareness and knowledge about celiac disease and its nutritional implications among health students. Implementing comprehensive educational programs and integrating practical training into the curriculum can empower future healthcare professionals to better manage celiac disease. Improved education will help ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and overall better health outcomes for patients with celiac disease.

Significance for Celiac Disease Patients

This study underscores the importance of educating future healthcare providers about the nutritional challenges faced by celiac disease patients. Enhanced knowledge and awareness among medical students can lead to improved patient care, ensuring that celiac disease patients receive the correct diagnosis and appropriate nutritional guidance to manage their condition effectively. This can ultimately reduce the disease burden and enhance the quality of life for those living with celiac disease.

Read more at: cureus.com