Celiac.com 12/27/2021 - To better understand the rates of hospitalization, mortality, thrombosis or intensive care unit (ICU) treatment in individuals with celiac disease and COVID-19, a team of researchers recently set out to assess the clinical characteristics, hospitalization and mortality rates of COVID-19 among U.S. celiac disease patients.
The research team included Emad Mansoor, Muhammed Mustafa Alikhan, Jaime Abraham Perez, Kayla Schlick, Mohannad Abou Saleh, and Dr Alberto Rubio-Tapia. They are variously affiliated with the Department of Medicine; Digestive Health Institute, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; the Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; the Center for Clinical Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Department of Medicine; the Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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The team notes that their work was sparked, in part, by Belli et al1 regarding outcomes of COVID-19 in liver transplant candidates. The authors in Belli et al concluded that liver transplant candidates were at risk of early death, especially those with decompensated cirrhosis and model for end-stage liver disease score of 15 or above.
That research team reviewed clinical outcomes in celiac patients after a diagnosis of COVID-19. Although the evidence of COVID-19's impact of other chronic disorders is emerging, researchers still don't know very much about the consequences of COVID-19 infection in people with celiac disease.
To compile the celiac disease cohort, the team used the TriNetX healthcare research network to compile the electronic medical records of adults with celiac disease, and confirmed COVID-19 infection, from 51 healthcare organizations in the USA, between 1 January 2020 and 7 July 2021.
For the non-celiac disease cohort, they also identified COVID-19 positive patients, with no history of celiac disease, from the same time period. They defined celiac disease by the International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision (celiac disease-10) diagnostic code and related codes, such as villous atrophy present on biopsy of small intestine and positive autoantibody screening.
For both groups, the team studied the risk of hospitalization, mortality, thrombosis, and ICU requirement within 90 days of COVID-19 diagnosis. They also performed 1:1 propensity score matching using a greedy nearest-neighbor matching algorithm to account for potential confounding variables.
Overall, the researchers found no significant differences among any of the measured outcomes in those with celiac disease, compared with non-celiac patients with COVID-19, after propensity score matching.
Understanding more about COVID-19 outcomes of patients with celiac disease will researchers and patients to get a better idea of any potential concerns or options, and potentially lead to better outcomes.
Read the full findings in Gut.
Reference:
- Belli LS, Duvoux C, Cortesi PA, et al. COVID-19 in liver transplant candidates: pretransplant and post-transplant outcomes - an ELITA/ELTR multicentre cohort study. Gut 2021;70:10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324879:1914–24. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324879
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