What's the Role of IL-24 in Celiac Disease?

Celiac.com 02/15/2020 - Recently, involvement of interleukins IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24 has been reported in inflammatory diseases associated with tissue remodeling. However, researchers know very little about the exact way in which they influence the development and mechanics of celiac disease.

To get a better understanding of the situation, a team of researchers recently set out to find out more about the role of IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24 in inflammatory diseases associated with tissue remodeling. 

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The research team included Réka Rokonay,1 Apor Veres-Székely,1 Beáta Szebeni,2 Domonkos Pap,2 Rita Lippai,1 Nóra J. Béres,1 Gábor Veres,3 Attila J. Szabó,1,2 and Ádám Vannay. They are variously affiliated with the 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, 54 Bókay Street, Budapest, 1083 Hungary; the MTA-SE Paediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; and the Pediatric Institute-Clinic, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.

The team measured expression of IL19, IL20 and IL24 using real-time RT-PCR, protein amount of IL-24, and assessed α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN) using Western-blot analysis in the duodenal biopsies of untreated children with celiac disease and a group of control subjects.

They used immunofluorescent staining in the duodenal mucosa to assess localization of IL-24 and IL-20RB. The team assessed the effect of recombinant IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-17 treatment on the expression of IL19, IL20, IL24 and their receptors by real-time RT-PCR in small intestinal epithelial cells (FHs74Int), in primary duodenal myofibroblasts (pdMFs) and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). 

To gauge the effect of IL-24 on H2O2 treated FHs74Int cells and on pdMFs, the used MTT, LDH, Annexin V assays, real-time RT-PCR and fluorescent microscopy. The team's findings suggest that IL-24 plays a major role in the maintenance of duodenal mucosal integrity in celiac disease. More research is needed to more fully understand the role of IL-24 in celiac and other diseases.

Find more, including detailed results, at the Journal of Transl Med. 2020; 18: 36